Nov 6, 2025

What Is an Email Security Gateway? How It Works and Why It's Essential

Email security gateway blocks pre-delivery threats scanning email detecting malware/phishing/spam. Features: quarantine, DLP, archiving, continuity. Deployment: on-premises or cloud.

What Is an Email Security Gateway? How It Works and Why It's Essential

Email Security Gateway: Blocking Threats Before Delivery

What is an email security gateway and why does your business need it? Email security gateway (SEG) blocks pre-delivery threats before reaching mail servers (on-premises Exchange, Microsoft 365, Google Workspace). Remote work escalated email reliance and attack risk. 60% businesses experienced ransomware-seeking cyberattacks in 2020, averaging 6 working days lost (2x 2019 downtime). SEGs scan all email communications (internal/incoming/outgoing) plus attachments and URL links detecting malware, spam, viruses. Malicious content quarantined or rejected. Advanced SEGs provide outgoing data loss prevention, email archiving (legal compliance), network continuity enabling email access during network compromise. Deployment options: on-premises (hardware/virtual appliance requiring maintenance) or cloud-based (vendor managed, scalable). Microsoft 365 has 200M+ users making it primary cybercriminal target despite reasonable baseline security. Most security professionals recommend adding enhanced SEG layer beyond Microsoft 365 native protection.

Understanding Email Security Gateways: Gateway Defense

Email remains predominant business communication form. COVID-19 pandemic accelerated remote work, increasing email reliance and attack surface. Cybercriminals continuously evolve sophisticated methods including phishing with malicious attachments/links and social engineering exploiting employee divulgence.

This guide explains email security gateways, deployment models, threat detection, and supplementary protection strategies.

The Email Security Threat Landscape

Attack Statistics

Average 6 out of 10 businesses experienced cyberattacks demanding ransom in 2020, resulting in 6 working days lost - more than twice 2019 downtime.

Remote Work Amplification

Remote work normalization increased email usage beyond pre-pandemic levels. Off-site employee access from potentially unsecured networks exponentially increased security threats.

Evolving Threat Sophistication

Cybercriminals continuously refine sophisticated methods:

  • Phishing containing malicious attachments and links
  • Social engineering exploiting employee trust
  • Targeted attacks leveraging company intelligence
  • Ransomware threats demanding payment or threatening data revelation

What Is an Email Security Gateway?

Core Function

Secure email gateways (SEGs) block pre-delivery email threats before reaching mail servers, protecting:

  • On-premises email systems (Microsoft Exchange)
  • Cloud email services (Microsoft 365, Google Workspace/G-Suite)
  • Hybrid deployments combining on-premises and cloud systems

Threat Prevention

Email security gateways protect employees from:

  • Phishing attacks via malicious links and attachments
  • Social engineering manipulation
  • Business email compromise (BEC)
  • Malware distribution via email
  • Spam-based threats

How Email Security Gateways Work

Comprehensive Email Scanning

SEGs scan all email communications including:

  • Internal correspondence (employee-to-employee)
  • Incoming traffic (external to organization)
  • Outgoing traffic (organization to external)
  • Email attachments
  • URL links within messages

Threat Detection and Classification

Scanning algorithms recognize and classify:

  • Malware signatures
  • Spam indicators
  • Virus patterns
  • Suspicious attachment types
  • Malicious URL destinations

Malicious Content Handling

Once harmful content tagged as malicious:

  • Content quarantined (isolated for review)
  • Content rejected (prevented from delivery)
  • IT department access to quarantined emails for analysis
  • Configurable responses based on threat level

Email Security Gateway Features: Advanced Protection

Incoming Threat Protection

Pre-delivery scanning blocks threats before reaching inboxes, preventing:

  • Phishing email delivery
  • Malware-infected attachment downloads
  • User manipulation through social engineering
  • Credential theft through fake login pages

Outgoing Data Loss Prevention

Advanced gateways scan outgoing content for potential data leakage:

  • Prevents accidental sensitive data transmission
  • Blocks emails containing confidential information
  • Enforces data protection policies
  • Protects intellectual property

Email Archiving and Compliance

State-of-the-art SEGs include email archiving functions:

  • Stores emails according to legal requirements
  • Enables data retention compliance (GDPR, HIPAA, etc.)
  • Facilitates e-discovery processes
  • Supports business continuity planning

Network Continuity Features

Enterprise SEGs include inbuilt continuity enabling employees to access emails even on compromised networks:

  • Maintains connectivity during network attacks
  • Prevents business interruption
  • Protects against denial-of-service attacks

Management and Reporting

Leading SEGs include management dashboards enabling:

  • Security analytics and reporting
  • Threat trend monitoring
  • Network security insights
  • Policy enforcement visibility
  • Compliance reporting

Deployment Models: On-Premises vs. Cloud

On-Premises Email Security Gateway

Installation options: Hardware appliance or virtual appliance

Selection basis: Depends on whether organization runs on-premises email servers (Microsoft Exchange) or uses cloud email services (Office 365)

Organizational responsibility:

  • Hardware/software purchasing
  • Equipment maintenance
  • Software updates ensuring latest threat detection
  • Connectivity maintenance to email servers
  • Infrastructure monitoring and troubleshooting

Considerations: Data remains within organizational network boundaries

Cloud-Based Email Security Gateway

Vendor responsibility: Security vendor manages all infrastructure, updates, and maintenance

Organizational benefits:

  • No hardware purchasing or maintenance burden
  • Automatic threat definition updates
  • Vendor-managed infrastructure
  • Reduced IT department overhead

Scalability advantage: Cloud SEGs quickly scale regardless of traffic volume. Organizations easily adjust capacity matching business growth without infrastructure changes.

Cost model: Typically subscription-based pricing reducing capital expenditure

Cloud vs. On-Premises: Key Considerations

  • Data location: On-premises keeps data within network boundaries; cloud stores off-site
  • Maintenance: On-premises requires IT staff; cloud vendor-managed
  • Scalability: Cloud inherently scalable; on-premises requires capacity planning
  • Migration plans: Organizations planning cloud migration benefit from cloud-based SEG
  • Control preference: Organizations requiring maximum data control may prefer on-premises
  • Budget constraints: Cloud typically lower capital costs; on-premises offers long-term investment

Is Microsoft 365 Sufficient Email Protection?

Microsoft 365 Usage Scale

Microsoft 365 has 200+ million active monthly users - by far the most popular business software platform globally.

Cybercriminal Targeting

Precisely because of this popularity and extensive user base, Microsoft 365 represents primary cybercriminal target. Criminals continuously push discovering and exploiting security gaps.

Baseline Security Assessment

Under normal circumstances, Microsoft 365 provides reasonable security. However, intense cybercriminal targeting continuously identifies loopholes despite Microsoft's security efforts.

Security Professionals' Consensus

Most IT professionals agree that despite Microsoft 365's capabilities, enhanced email security through additional SEG layer provides critical supplementary protection against sophisticated threats.

Do You Need Enhanced Email Security Beyond Microsoft 365?

Recommendation

Industry consensus strongly suggests adding enhanced secure email gateway layer above Microsoft 365 native protection given current threat landscape.

SEG Variety and Differentiation

Multiple SEGs exist claiming similar functionality. However, each system has distinct features and specializations. Organizations must research thoroughly ensuring optimal solution matching specific business needs:

  • Threat detection capabilities
  • Data loss prevention features
  • Email archiving functionality
  • Compliance support (GDPR, HIPAA, etc.)
  • Integration with existing systems
  • Scalability and performance
  • Vendor support quality
  • Total cost of ownership

Choosing an Email Security Gateway

Assessment Requirements

  • Current email infrastructure (on-premises vs. cloud)
  • Organization size and email volume
  • Regulatory compliance requirements
  • Remote worker percentage and access patterns
  • Historical threat incidents and vulnerability profile

Evaluation Criteria

  • Threat detection accuracy and false positive rates
  • Deployment flexibility (on-premises, cloud, hybrid)
  • Integration compatibility with existing email systems
  • Management interface usability
  • Reporting and analytics capabilities
  • Vendor reputation and support responsiveness
  • Pricing model and total cost

Next Steps: Email Gateway Deployment

Start by assessing current email security posture. What threats has your organization experienced? Are current defenses sufficient? Do you have data regarding successful phishing attempts?

Next, determine deployment preference. Does your organization have infrastructure expertise supporting on-premises appliances? Is cloud-based gateway more practical given IT resource constraints?

Then, research available solutions. Compare features, pricing, customer reviews, and vendor support quality across leading email security gateways.

Finally, conduct pilot evaluation. Most vendors provide trial periods enabling hands-on assessment before commitment.

Need help implementing an email security gateway protecting your Microsoft 365 or on-premises email systems? Contact AMVIA specialists: 0333 733 8050 (direct to experts, no voicemail) or request consultation. We assess your email security requirements, recommend optimal gateway solutions, implement deployment infrastructure, and provide ongoing support ensuring comprehensive email security and threat protection for your organization.

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